Research Catalog

Title

Clinical neurophysiology of the vestibular system / Robert W. Baloh, Kevin A. Kerber.

Author

Baloh, Robert W. (Robert William), 1942-

Publication

New York : Oxford University Press, 2011.

Items in the Library & Off-site

Holdings

Details

Additional Authors

Kerber, Kevin A.

Description

xxi, 455 p. : ill.; 27 cm.

Summary

"ertigo and other vestibular symptoms are among the most bizarre and distressing symptoms experienced by patients, and also among the most unnerving presentations for clinicians. A patient with a stroke can have a remarkably similar presentation to a patient with a benign viral process. This book provides the clinician with the knowledge to make important diagnoses and management decisions in patients presenting with dizziness symptoms, and also provides a comprehensive update regarding the remarkable progress in our understanding of the anatomy and physiology of the vestibular system, including the latest advances in cell and molecular biology" "Clinical Neurophysiology of the Vestibular System. Fourth Edition keeps the same four-part framework of its predecessor with part 1 discussing the anatomy and physiology, part 2 demonstrating the evaluation of the dizzy patient, part 3 covering differential diagnosis, and part 4 providing strategies for treatment and management. This revamped and expanded edition includes the most recent breakthroughs in both the molecular mechanisms of peripheral transduction and central processing within the vestibular system. All the latest treatment maneuvers can be found in the chapter on benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and the chapter on laboratory diagnosis contains the most up-to-date information on videonystagmography (VNG) and vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs). The authors also comprehensively discuss the differential diagnosis of dizziness of both vestibular and non-vestibular etiology and thoroughly demonstrate bedside tests of vestibular function. The figures have been redrawn in two colors for better clarity and videos showing important clinical findings have been posted online for better understanding" "Written by two expert clinicians, this volume is a complete review of the neurologic and neurophysiologic literature of the vestibular system and a must-have for all physicians who treat patients with dizziness" "Continued Praise for Clinical Neurophysiology of the Vestibular System" ""The clearly written text and the illustrative graphic design make this book a valuable reference tool for physicians, clinical specialists, and researchers alike. With this meaningful fourth edition, Clinical Neurophysiology of the Vestibular System is sure to become a classic in its field."---Gerald Wiest, MD, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria"--BOOK JACKET.

Series Statement

Contemporary neurology series ; 77

Uniform Title

Contemporary neurology series ; 77.

Subject

• Vestibular apparatus
• Vestibular function tests
• Neurophysiology
• Vestibular Diseases > physiopathology
• Vestibular Function Tests
• Vestibule, Labyrinth > physiology

Bibliography (note)

• Includes bibliographical references and index.

Contents

• PART 1. ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM -- 1. Overview of Vestibular Anatomy and Physiology -- Peripheral Vestibular Receptors -- Hair Cells -- The Macules -- The Cristae -- Basis of Stimulus Specificity of the Inner Ear Receptor Organs -- Central Vestibular Pathways -- Vestibular Nuclei -- Vestibular Reflexes -- Horizontal Canal-Ocular Reflex -- Nystagmus -- Translational Vestibulo-Ocular Reflexes -- The Ocular Tilt Reflex -- Vestibulospinal Reflexes -- Vestibulo-Autonomic Reflexes -- Motion Perception and Orientation -- Pathophysiology of Vestibular Symptoms -- Central Compensation for Vestibular Lesions -- Summary -- 2. The Peripheral Vestibular System -- Temporal Bone -- Tympanic Membrane -- Middle Ear -- Facial Nerve -- Inner Ear (Labyrinth) -- Phylogeny -- Structure -- Fluid Dynamics -- Fluid Chemistry -- Blood Supply -- Innervation -- Embryonic Development -- The Hair Cell -- Morphologic Characteristics -- Sequence of Hair Cell Activation -- Relationship between the Direction of Force and Hair Cell Activation -- Mechanism of Hair Cell Activation -- Hair Cell Influence on Afferent Nerve Activity -- Signal Processing at the Hair Cell/Afferent Nerve Junction -- The Inner Ear Vestibular Receptors -- Anatomy of the Semicircular Canals -- Physiology of the Semicircular Canals -- Anatomy of Otolith Organs -- Physiology of the Otolith Organs -- Primary Vestibular Neurons -- Anatomy of Primary Neurons -- Physiology of Primary Neurons -- Efferent Vestibular Neurons -- 3. The Central Vestibular System -- Vestibular nuclei -- Phylogeny -- Anatomy -- Neurotransmitters -- Physiology -- Vestibulo-Ocular Reflexes -- Overview -- Rotational Vestibulo-Ocular Reflexes -- Translational Vestibulo-Ocular Reflexes -- Ocular Counterrolling -- Semicircular Canal-Otolith Interaction -- Cervico-Ocular Reflexes -- Anatomic and Physiologic Basis -- Characteristics of Neck-Induced Eye Movements -- Visual-Vestibular Interaction -- Visual Tracking Eye Movements -- Organization of Visually Guided Tracking Eye -- Movements -- Comparison of Vestibular-and Visual-Induced Eye Movements -- Visuo-Vestibulo-Ocular Connections -- Model of Visual-Vestibular Interaction -- Adaptive Modification of the Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex with Vision -- Cellular Basis for Visual Vestibular Interaction -- Vestibulospinal Reflexes -- Comparison of Ocular and Spinal Vestibular Reflexes -- Vestibulospinal Connections -- Cerebellar-Vestibular Interaction -- Vestibulo-Collic Reflexes -- Cellular Mechanisms -- Subjective Vestibular Sensation -- Vestibulothalamocortical Connections -- Response Properties of Thalamic Relay Neurons -- Response Properties of Vestibular Cortex Neurons -- Functional Brain Imaging in Normal Human Subjects -- Lesions of the Vestibulocortical Pathways in Patients -- Psychophysical Studies -- PART 2. EVALUATION OF THE DIZZY PATIENT -- 4. Epidemiology of Dizziness -- Specific Disorders -- Burden on Patients -- Health care Utilization -- Summary -- 5. The History of the Dizzy Patient -- Vertigo -- Central versus Peripheral Causes -- Time Course -- Precipitating Factors -- Associated Symptoms -- Compensation -- Predisposing Factors -- Family History -- Diagnosis and Management -- Near-Faint Dizziness -- Orthostatic Hypotension -- Postural Tachyeardia Syndrome (POTS) -- Vasovagal Attacks -- Hyperventilation -- Psychophysiologic Dizziness (Chronic Subjective Dizziness) -- Panic Disorder -- Phobic Dizziness -- Chronic Anxiety -- Pathophysiology -- Diagnosis and Management -- Drug-Induced Dizziness -- Hypoglycemia -- Disequilibrium -- Common Causes -- Gait Disorders in Older People -- Falls in Older People -- Diagnosis and Management -- Ocular Dizziness -- Common Causes -- Oscillopsia -- Management -- Multisensory Dizziness -- Management -- Physiologic Dizziness -- Motion Sickness -- Space Sickness -- Height Vertigo -- Mal de Debarquement Syndrome -- Summary: Distinguishing between Vestibular and Nonvestibular Types of Dizziness -- 6. Bedside Examination of the Vestibular System -- Examination of the Ear -- Fistula Test -- Tests of Vestibulospinal Reflexes -- Pastpointing -- Static Posture -- Walking Tests -- Tests of Vestibulo-Ocular Reflexes -- Doll's Eye Test (Oculocephalic Response) -- Head-Thrust Test -- Dynamic Visual Acuity -- Cold Caloric Test -- Rotational Testing -- Tests for Pathologic Nystagmus -- Methods of Examination -- Types of Pathologic Nystagmus -- Spontaneous Nystagmus -- Gaze-Evoked Nystagmus -- Positional Nystagmus -- Vibration-Induced Nystagmus -- Head-Shaking Nystagmus -- Hyperventilation-Induced Nystagmus -- Other Ocular Oscillations -- Dissociated Spontaneous Nystagmus -- Voluntary Ocular Oscillations (Voluntary Nystagmus) -- Convergence Retraction Nystagmus -- Saccadic Intrusions -- Ocular Bobbing -- Palato-Ocular Myoclonus -- Ocular Tilt Reaction -- 7. Laboratory Examination of the Vestibular System -- Nystagmography -- Methods of Recording Eye Movements -- Interpreting the Recording -- Recording Pathologic Nystagmus -- Bithermal Caloric Test -- Tests of Visual-Ocular Control -- Rotational Testing of Vestibulo-Ocular Reflexes -- Relationship between Stimulus and Response -- Results in Normal Subjects -- Results in Patients -- Visual-Vestibular Interaction -- Methodology -- Results in Normal Subjects -- Results in Patients -- Tests of Otolith-Ocular Reflexes -- Ocular Counterrolling -- Eccentric Rotation -- Off-Vertical Rotation -- Linear Acceleration -- Vestibulospinal Testing -- Static-Force Platforms -- Moving-Platform Posturography -- Vestibular-Evoked Potentials -- Brain Stem and Cortical -- Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials (VEMPs) -- 8. Clinical Evaluation of Hearing -- Types of Hearing Disorders -- Conductive -- Sensorineural -- Central Hearing Disorders -- Bedside Tests of Hearing -- Behavioral Audiometry -- The Audiogram -- Speech Recognition Tests -- StengerTest -- Impedance audiometry -- Tympanometry -- The Acoustic Reflex -- Auditory-Evoked Responses -- Electrocochleography -- Brainstem Auditory-Evoked Response -- Generating Potentials -- Test Methodology -- Results in Patients -- Central Auditory Speech Tests -- Summary of Auditory Test Results -- PART 3. DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT OF COMMON NEUROTOLOGIC DISORDERS -- 9. Infectious Diseases -- Acute Otitis Media and Otomastoiditis -- Diagnosis and Management -- Chronic Mastoiditis and Cholesteatoma -- Diagnosis -- Management -- Bacterial Labyrinthitis -- Diagnosis -- Management -- Petrositis -- Diagnosis -- Management -- Intracranial Extension of Ear Infections -- Routes of Spread -- Meningitis -- Epidural Abseess -- Lateral Sinus Thrombophletits -- Brain Abscess -- Otitie Hydrocephalus -- Diagnosis -- Management -- Malignant External Otitis -- Diagnosis -- Management -- Viral Infections of the Inner Ear -- Clinical Syndromes -- Diagnosis -- Viral versus Other Canses of Peripheral Cochleovestibular Loss -- Management -- Syphilitic Infections of the Ear -- Diagnosis -- Management -- Tuberculosis and Mycotic infections of the Inner Ear -- Tuberculousis Mastoiditis -- Mycotic Mastoiditis -- Basilar Meningitis -- 10. Benign Positional Vertigo -- Historical Background -- Causes of Benign Positional Vertigo -- Posterior Canal Variant of Benign Positional Vertigo -- Clinical Features -- Pathophysiology -- Diagnosis -- Management -- Other Variants of benign Positional Vertigo -- Horizontal Canal Benign Positional Vertigo -- Anterior Canal Benign Positional Vertigo -- Mimics of Benign Positional Vertigo -- 11. Endolymphatic Hydrops (Meniere's Syndrome) -- Background -- Occurrence -- Clinical Features -- Pathophysiology -- Animal Models --
• Etiology -- Genetics -- Migraine and Meniere's Syndrome -- Infection/Autoimmune -- Diagnosis -- Audiometric Testing -- Vestibular Testing -- Imaging -- Management -- Medical Managment -- Surgical Managment -- 12. Migraine -- Background -- Clinical Features -- Migraine without Aura -- Migraine with Aura -- Migrainous Vertigo -- Basilar Migraine -- Migraine and Meniere's Syndrome -- Migraine Equivalents -- Pathophysiology -- Genetics -- Spreading Wave of Depression -- Vasomotor Abnormalities -- Diagnosis -- Migraine without Aura -- Migraine with Aura -- Migraine Aura without Headache -- Basilar Migraine -- Migrainous Vertigo -- Management -- Symptomatic and Abortive Treatment -- Prophylactic Treatment -- 13. Immune-Mediated Diseases -- Autoimmune Inner Ear Disease -- Background -- Pathophysiology -- Clinical Features -- Diagnosis -- Management -- Paraneoplastic Immune Disorders -- Background -- Pathophysiology -- Clinical Features -- Diagnosis -- Management -- Multiple Sclerosis -- Background -- Pathophysiology -- Clinical Features -- Diagnosis -- Management -- 14. Vascular Disorders -- Vertebrobasilar Ischemia -- Pathophysiology -- Transient Ischemic Attacks (TIAs) -- Stroke Syndromes -- Diagnosis -- Treatment -- Intralabyrinthine Hemorrhage -- Diagnosis and Management -- Hemorrhage into the Brain Stem and Cerebellum -- Diagnosis and Management -- Vascular Compression Syndromes -- Vertebrobasilar Doliochoectasia -- Vascular Compression by Normal Vessels (Vestibular Paroxysmia) -- Rotational Vertebral Artery Syndrome -- 15. Tumors -- Tumors of the Middle Ear and Temporal Bone -- Malignant Tumors -- Glomus Body Tumors (Paragangliomas) -- Diagnosis -- Management -- Tumors of the Internal Auditory Canal and Cerebellopontine Angle -- Schwannomas -- Meningiomas -- Epidermoid Cysts (Primary Cholesteatomas) -- Cholesterol Granulomas -- Metastatic Tumors -- Diagnosis -- Management -- Brain Tumors -- Brain Stem -- Fourth Ventricle -- Cerebellum -- Diagnosis and Management -- 16. Trauma -- Trauma to the Temporal Bone -- Fracture -- Labyrinthine Concussion -- Posttraumatic Positional Vertigo -- Diagnosis -- Management -- Perilymph Fistula -- Pathophysiology -- Diagnosis -- Management -- Semicircular Canal Dehiscence Syndrome -- Pathophysiology -- Diagnosis -- Management -- Brain Trauma -- Intracranial Complications Associated with Temporal Bone Fractures -- Dizziness Due to Brainstem Trauma -- Postconcussion Syndrome -- Whiplash Injuries -- Diagnosis -- Management -- 17. Toxic/Metabolic Disorders -- Dizziness and Systemic Metabolic Disorders -- Diabetes Mellitus -- Uremia -- Hypothyroidism -- Alcohol and Thiamine Deficiency -- Management -- Metabolic Disorders of the Temporal Bone -- Otosclerosis -- Pagets Disease -- Other Disorders -- Diagnosis -- Management -- Ototoxins -- Aminoglycosides -- "Loop" Diuretics -- Anti-inflammatory Drugs -- Platinum Compounds -- Diagnosis -- Management -- Neurotoxins -- Heavy Metals -- Organic Solvents -- Diagnosis -- Management -- 18. Developmental and Genetic Disorders -- The Inner Ear -- Acquired Disorders -- Hereditary Disorders -- Pathology -- Diagnosis -- Management -- Disorders of the Cranial Vertebral Junction -- Basilar Impression -- Bony Fusions -- Atlantoaxial Dislocation -- Chiari Malformation -- Syringobulbia -- Diagnosis -- Management -- Inherited Spinocerebellar Ataxia Syndromes -- Autosomal Dominant Spinocerebellar Ataxia Syndromes -- Autosomal Recessive Spinocerebellar Ataxia Syndromes -- Episodic Ataxia and Vertigo Syndromes -- Diagnosis -- Management -- PART 4. SYMPTOMATIC TREATMENT OF VERTIGO -- 19. Antiemetic and Antivertigo Drugs -- Vestibular Suppressants -- How Do They Work? -- How to Use Them -- Indications -- Precautions -- What to Tell the Patient -- Antiemetic Drugs -- How Do They Work? -- How to Use Them -- Precautions -- What to Tell the Patient -- Specific Drugs -- Scopolamiue (Transderm Seo p) -- Buelizine Hydrochloride (Bucladin-S) -- Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride (Benadryl) -- Meclizine (Antivert, Bonine) -- Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine) -- Promethazine Hydrochloride (Phenergan) -- Betahistine (Sere) -- Metaclopramide (Reglan) -- Benzquinmide Hydrochloride (Emete-con) -- Trimethobenzamide Hydrochloride (Tigan) -- Diazepam (Valium) -- Droperidol (Inapsine) -- Diphenidol (Vontrol) -- Prochlorperazine (Compazine) -- Dronabinol (Marinol) -- 20. Vestibular Rehabilitation -- Adaptive Control of Normal Vestibular Reflexes -- Mechanisms for Compensation After Vestibular Loss -- Special Circumstances -- Vestibular Loss in Children -- Vestibular Loss in the Elderly -- Failure of Compensation -- Controlled Trials of Vestibular Exercises -- Strategy for Designing Vestibular Exercises -- Unilateral Vestibular Lesions -- Bilateral Vestibular Lesions -- Central Vestibular Lesions -- Vestibular Exercises -- Future Directions -- Appendix 20-1. Sample Home Exercise program -- Head-Turning Practice -- Walking Practice -- Other Exercises -- Dizziness Exercises -- 21. Future Directions.

ISBN

• 9780195387834 (alk. paper)
• 019538783X (alk. paper)

LCCN

2010002663

OCLC

• ocn502393223
• 502393223

Owning Institutions

Columbia University Libraries