An introduction to the design of democratic institutions -- The right to participate -- The reapportionment revolution -- The role of political parties -- Money and politics -- Preclearance and the Voting Rights Act -- Majority rule and minority vote dilution : constitutional and legislative approaches -- Racial vote dilution under the Voting Rights Act -- Race and representation : a new synthesis? -- Redistricting and representation -- Direct democracy -- Remedial possibilities for defective elections -- Alternative democratic structures.