Synthesis, purification and characterization of ionic liquids / Bronya Clare, Amal Sirwardana and Douglas R. MacFarlane -- Ionic liquid structure-induced effects on organic reactions / Annegret Stark -- Task specific ionic liquids and task specific onium salts / Mathieu Pucheault and Michel Vaultier -- Heavy elements in ionic liquids / Andreas Taubert -- Thermodynamics and micro heterogeneity of ionic liquids / Margarida F. Costa Gomes, J.N. Canongia Lopes and A.A.H. Padua -- Thermophysical properties of ionic liquids / David Rooney, Johan Jacquemin and Ramesh Gardas -- Ionic liquids from theoretical investigations / Barbara Kirchner -- NMR spectroscopy in ionic liquds / Ralf Giernoth -- Optical spectroscopy and ionic liquids / Anja-Verena Mudring -- Ionic liquids in biomass processing / Suzie Su Yin Tan and Douglas R. MacFarlane.