Research Catalog

Title

Electrochemical water processing / Ralph Zito.

Author

Zito, Ralph.

Publication

Hoboken, N.J. : Wiley ; Salem, MA : Scrivener, ©2011.

Items in the Library & Off-site

Details

Description

xxii, 312 pages : illustrations; 25 cm

Subject

• Water > Purification
• Electrochemistry, Industrial
• Wasseraufbereitung
• Trinkwasseraufbereitung
• Abwasserreinigung
• Elektrochemische Bearbeitung

Bibliography (note)

• Includes bibliographical references and index.

Contents

Machine generated contents note: 1.1.Introduction -- 1.2.Technology, History, and Background -- 1.3.Application Areas: Electrochemical Technology Water Processing -- 2.1.Introduction -- 2.2.Acidity and Alkalinity, pH -- 2.3.Activity and Activity Coefficients -- 2.4.Equilibrium and Dissociation Constants -- 2.4.1.Degree or Percentage Dissociation -- 2.5.Electrode, or Half Cell Potential -- 2.6.Chemical Potential Definition -- 2.7.Concentration Potential -- 2.8.Equivalent Conductance -- 2.9.Free Energy and Equilibrium -- 2.10.Dissociation Constants -- 2.11.Ionic Conductance and Mobility -- 2.12.Osmotic Pressure -- 2.13.Diffusion (Flick's Law) -- 3.1.Electrodialysis -- 3.1.1.Performance Characteristics -- 3.1.2.General Purpose Processor -- 3.1.3.Additional Details for Appropriate Application, Desalinator for Small Boats -- 3.2.pH Control: Analytic Development -- 3.2.1.Introduction -- 3.2.2.Some Technical Background -- 3.2.3.Sample Processes for pH Control -- 3.2.4.Application Possibilities -- 3.2.4.1.Swimming Pool Water -- 3.2.4.2.Cooling Towers -- 3.2.4.3.Regeneration of Ion Exchange Resins -- 3.2.5.Current and Electrical Energy Requirements -- 3.2.6.Shielded (Limited Ion Access) Positive Electrode Operation -- 3.2.6.1.Double Barrier -- 3.2.6.2.Close Spacing -- 3.2.6.3.Porous Barrier Design -- 3.2.6.4.Etched Electrode Surfaces -- 3.3.Biociding Technology -- 3.3.1.Electrolytic Production of Free Halogens -- 3.3.2.Chlorination Process Description -- 3.3.3.Bromination Process Description -- 3.4.Ion Exchange Resin Regeneration System -- 3.4.1.General -- 3.4.1.1.Present Regeneration Methods -- 3.4.1.2.Electrochemical Regeneration Method -- 3.4.2.Equipment Comparison -- 3.4.2.1.Performance Characteristics Comparisons -- 3.5.Metals Reclamation -- 3.5.1.Electrochemical Process for the Removal of Iron in Acid Baths -- 3.5.2.Technical Approaches -- 3.5.3.Technical Approaches -- 3.5.4.Laboratory Feasibility Data Study Suggestions -- 3.5.5.Experimental Methods -- 3.5.5.1.Approach B Tests -- 3.5.5.2.Approach A -- 3.5.6.Conclusions Recommendations -- 4.1.Electrodialysis: Descriptions and Definitions -- 4.2.Basic Assumptions and Operating Parameters -- 4.2.1.Electrolytic Conductivity -- 4.2.2.Solute Concentration Electrical Conduction -- 4.2.3.Electric Charge Equivalence -- 4.2.4.Coulombic Efficiency -- 4.2.5.Coefficients of Performance -- 4.3.Parametric Analysis: Flow-Through Configuration -- 4.3.1.Performance Analysis of Electro-dialytic Systems, Part I -- 4.3.1.1.First Approximation -- 4.3.1.2.Design Assumptions -- 4.3.1.3.Equation Development -- 4.3.1.4.Resistance of a Cell -- 4.3.2.Further Definition of Terms -- 4.3.2.1.Average Current Density -- 4.3.2.2.Entrance Exit Current Densities -- 4.3.2.3.Water Flow Rate in Processed Chamber -- 4.3.2.4.Solute Concentration Along the Length of the Cell -- 4.3.2.5.Figure of Merit -- 4.3.3.Numerical Evaluation Program -- 4.3.3.1.Second Approximation, Part II -- 4.3.4.Multiple Cells in Parallel -- 4,3.5.General Characteristics -- 4.3.6.Total Electric Current through the Electrodes and Membranes -- 4.3.7.Coulombic Efficiency Variation -- 4.3.8.Further Considerations -- 4.4.Flow-Through Design Exercises -- 4.4.1.Exercise #1 -- 4.4.2.Exercise #2 -- 4.4.2.1.Predetermined Independent Variables -- 4.4.3.Exercise #3 -- 4.4.4.TDS Removal Rate Capacity -- 4.4.5.Stacked Cell Configuration -- 4.4.6.Expanded Analysis -- 4.5.Batch Process Analysis: Re-Circulating or Static Water Processing System -- 4.5.1.Coulombic Efficiency -- 4.5.2.Single Cell Analysis -- 4.5.3.Single Cell -- Special Case -- 4.5.3.1.Ohmic Energy loss and Water Temperature Rise -- 4.6.Design Exercises for Water Re-Circulation Systems -- 4.6.1.Exercise #1 -- 4.6.2.Exercise #2 -- 4.7.Cell Potential and Membrane Resistance Contributions -- 4.7.1.Membranes -- 4.7.2.Electrodes -- 4.7.3.Opposing Voltages -- 4.8.Diffusion Losses of Ions and Molecules Across Membranes -- 5.1.Electrolytic Generation of Bromine and Chlorine: Design Procedures -- 5.1.1.Design Geometry Comments -- 5.1.1.1.Example -- 5.2.Simple Estimate of Capital Equipment and Operating Cost of Electrochemical Desalination Apparatus -- 5.3.Cost Estimates Outline for an Electrodialysis De-ionizing System -- 6.1.Demineralizer: Electrodialysis -- 6.1.1.Advantages of Electrodialysis -- 6.1.1.1.General Characteristics -- 6.1.2.Desalination System -- Module Specifications -- 6.1.3.Performance Characteristics -- 6.1.4.Cost Factors -- 6.2.Reseidentialwater Softener -- 6.2.1.Product Design Description -- 6.2.2.Physical Description of the System -- 6.2.3.Operation -- 6.2.4.Design Example -- 6.2.5.Competitive Methods -- 6.3.Electrical Water Processor Portable Design -- 6.3.1.Present Solutions -- 6.3.2.Operation of an ED System -- 6.3.3.Design Prototype -- 6.3.4.Description -- B.1.KC1 Ionization Constants -- D.1.Current Density Variation -- E.1.Analytic Approach -- E.2.Special Case Evaluation -- No Resins Present in System -- E.2.1.Non-Constant Electrochemical Generation Rates for H+ and OH- -- E.2.2.Dimensions and Units -- E.2.3.Variable Electric Current Densities -- E.3.Estimation of Resin Constants -- E.4.Electrolytic Resistance of the System Water -- E.5.Solution of the Simultaneous System Equations -- E.6.Sample Solution of Operating System -- F.1.Bromination Equipment List -- F.2.Capital Cost Analysis -- F.3.Operating Cost Analysis -- F.4.Conclusions and Comments -- G.1.Case A -- G.2.Case B -- G.3.Case C.

ISBN

• 9781118098714
• 1118098714

LCCN

2011009322

OCLC

• ocn707246919
• 707246919
• SCSB-9223751

Owning Institutions

Princeton University Library